![]() According to the present results, the olfactory system played an important role in the whole evolutionary history of sauropodomorphs. In sauropods, the ratio ranges from low to high, revealing distinct olfactory capabilities. Moreover, the olfactory ratio of early sauropodomorphs is significantly higher than those predicted for dinosaurs of similar body mass, regardless of diet. The results reveal that the olfactory ratio increases with increasing body mass in sauropodo-morphs. Here, the olfactory ratio (ratio between the size of the olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres) of some sauropodomorphs is calculated and plotted as a function of body mass in a sample of dinosaurs. Hence, the olfaction in the sauropodo-morphs is obscure. Furthermore, cranial endocasts with preserved olfactory portions are scarce for the earliest sauropodomorphs. Regarding sauropodomorphs, there are no studies focused on their olfactory capabilities. ![]() However, these studies focused on the Theropoda lineage. The olfactory acuity of dinosaurs has been investigated through quantitative approaches. Olfaction is an important sensory modality, which is used in a range of tasks, such as foraging, reproduction, predator avoidance and social interaction. The study of sensorial systems of extinct animals provides clues on their biology and behaviour. novasi are also more highly nested, forming a clade with Pam. tupiniquim is the sister taxon to Bagualosauria, and that Pan. A species-level phylogenetic analysis further suggests that Bu. lunensis are the earliest branching sauropodomorphs and that Sa. agudoensis as the sister taxon to post-Carnian sauropodomorphs. For the latter two taxa, this was corroborated by a specimen-level phylogenetic analysis that also found Ba. In addition, a morphological disparity analysis, with significant statistical support, clustered some of the better-known specimens of E. Here, we demonstrate that their holotypes anatomically differ from one another, supporting the taxonomic validity of the species. This includes Eoraptor lunensis, Panphagia protos, and Chromogisaurus novasi, from the Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina, and Saturnalia tupiniquim, Pampadromaeus barberenai, Buriolestes schultzi, and Bagualosaurus agudoensis, from the Santa Maria Formation, Brazil. In this context, the FFL of sauropods might represent a vestigial trait, retained in a reduced version from the bipedal and predatory early sauropodomorphs.Ĭarnian (Late Triassic) deposits of South America provide the oldest unequivocal dinosaur records worldwide, most of which has been assigned to the sauropodomorph lineage. Analysing variations in FFL volume alongside other morphological changes in the group, we suggest that this reduction is potentially related to the adoption of a more restricted herbivore diet. tupiniquim we identified a first moment of FFL volume reduction in non-sauropodan Sauropodomorpha, preceding the acquisition of a fully quadrupedal stance. Previous studies proposed that the development of a permanent quadrupedal stance was one of the factors leading to the volume reduction of the FFL of sauropods. Here, we present the first braincase endocast of a Carnian dinosaur, the sauropodomorph Saturnalia tupiniquim, and provide new data regarding the evolution of the floccular and parafloccular lobe of the cerebellum (FFL), which has been extensively discussed in the field of palaeoneurology. 250–240 Ma), but the oldest unequivocal records of the group come from Late Triassic (Carnian – c. The evolutionary history of dinosaurs might date back to the first stages of the Triassic (c.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |